Crucial Observations

The scientific basis for an improved posterior cruciate retaining knee replacement
By W. Andrew Hodge, MD; Scott A. Banks, Ph.D; Melinda K. Harman, MS; Anne Z. Banks, MS
Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Good Samaritan Medical Center, West Palm Beach, FL USA

ACL deficiency causes the effective pivot point for axial rotations to move from the medial to the lateral side of the knee.
[1] Harman, et al., Clin Orthop, No. 352, 1998

Wear patterns in ACL deficient arthritic knees show lateral pivot.
[1] Harman, et al., Clin Orthop, No. 352, 1998

Mobile bearing knee replacements exhibit lateral pivot kinematics.
[2] Hodge, et al., Proc. ABJS, 1991
[3] Banks, et al., Orthop Trans, Vol. 15, No. 2, 1991
[4] Hodge, et al., Orthop Trans, Vol. 16, No. 2, 1992

Contemporary fixed bearing knee replacements often exhibit lateral pivot kinematics.
[5] Banks, et al., J Arthrop, Vol. 12, No. 3, 1997
[6] Banks, et al., Sci Ex, AAOS, 2000

Retrieved components from fixed bearing knees often exhibit wear consistent with a lateral center of axial rotation.
[7] Harman, et al., Proc ORS, 1998
[8] Harman, et al., Proc AAOS, 1999

3DKnee™ maintains normal axial rotation, permitting optimal patellar tracking.
[1] Harman, et al., Clin Orthop, No. 352, 1998
[9] van Kampen, et al., J.O.R., 1990